[ case report of isolated radial nerve palsy physiotherapy]

Isolated radial nerve palsy is caused by pressing this nerve and it is usually caused by the excessive pressure either in the uterus or during the labor. Isolated radial nerve palsy should be considered different from brachial plexus damages. In brachial plexus damages depending on the damage degree and involved spinal roots, different disorders such as disability in brachial abduction, disability in elbow, wrist and digital flexion and extension may be observed, however, in isolated radial nerve palsy weakness is only reported in extension power. In isolated radial nerve palsy depending on the level of pressure and damage, different symptoms are suspected but the most common symptom is inability in extension of wrist and fingers, which is called wrist drop. This phenomenon is a rare condition and usually recuperates by itself. In the present case report, we have described a newborn case with isolated radial nerve palsy. This male newborn was born after a long labor during which his radial nerve was pressed, so he was born with wrist drop. By prescribing Physical therapy modalities including IR [Infrared], Gentle Massage, Electrical Stimulation [IDC], Gentle Rang of Motion, the patient was completely revealed from the disease

[Attitudes of academic members of Iranian medical universities towards factors that increase h-index and paper citations]

Introduction: Nowadays, several indicators are used to evaluate scientific research outputs. The h index is one of the most common indices taken into account by many authorities to assess individuals and institutions, worldwide. In this study, the attitudes of medical sciences researchers towards significance of factors affecting the h index and citations were investigated

Methods: At the beginning of 2008, h-indices of all academic members of Iranian medical universities were screened based on the Scopus database. The attitudes of the faculty members who had an h index of one or more were investigated through a self-structured questionnaire in which increasing factors of the h index and paper citations was assessed. The data were analyzed using statistical methods

Results: The response rate was about 37%. The respondents' attitudes toward the items were not different between the group whose h-index was more than 6 to the other group whose h-index was less than 6. They respondents believed that publishing in high Impact Factor journals, well-designed researches considering the methodology, and to be the 1st study of its subject in the country and the world, are the most important factors in achieving citations. They did not believe that publishing review articles, contributing internationally, and having frequent paper topics were important in gaining citations

Conclusion: It seems that our researchers were not aware of the importance of publishing review articles and also in Open Access journals to increase citation rates. Proper interventions should be conducted to correct this attitude in order to increase the country's and researchers' citations

HER-2/neu and E-cadherin expression and microsatellite instability in gastric dysplasia

Gastric dysplasia [GD] is a precursor lesion of gastric adeno-microsatellite instability [MSI] and the diffuse type is associated with down regulation of E-cadherin. HER-2/neu is over-expressed in some cases of gastric cancer. In this study, MSI and expression rates of HER-2/neu and E-cadherin in GD were evaluated. Paraffin blocks of 21 cases of low grade dysplasia [LD], 11 cases of high grade dysplasia [HD] and 25 cases of indefinite for dysplasia [ID] were collected. After deparaffinization and antigen retrieval, the sections were incubated with antibodies against E-cadherin, hMLH1, hMSH2 and HER-2/neu. The streptavidin-biotin complex method was used followed by peroxidase enzyme development with diaminobenzidine. HER-2/neu was positive in six cases of HD [50%], four LD [21%] and two ID [9%]. E-cadherin was absent in two cases of LD and showed normal expression in all HD and ID cases. hMLH1 expression was absent or markedly decreased only in the zones of dysplasia in HD [3/11], LD [3/21] and Id [4/25]. Absence or diminished expression of hMSH2 was seen in HD [3/11], LD [2/21] and ID [3/25] cases. HER-2/neu expression showed close association with diminished expression of hMLH1 or hMSH2 [p<0.05]. Stepwise increase in the expression rate of HER-2/neu was seen in ID, LD and HD cases implying its role in cancer evolution. The absence of hMLH1 and hMSH2 in GD may predispose individuals to over-expression of other oncogenes such as HER-2/neu. Abnormal of E-cadherin is not frequent finding in GD

[Frequency evaluation of the nosocomial infections and related factors in Mostafa Khomeini hospital "ICU" based on "NNI" system]

Nosocomial infections are one of the problems of past and recent centuries and are cause of the urge of cost and expenditure to patients and health systems. Therefore identification of incidence and related factors in hospital infections and prevention ways is especially important. This study was performed on 691 patients who were admitted to ICU of Shaheed Mustafa-Khomeini hospital from 1385-1386. The collection of data was done to according of questionnaire of the national nosocomial infection surveillance system [NNIS]. The clinical signs and symptoms of patients were frequently controlled. In suspected patients, necessary laboratory tests and cultures was done. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 15 software. The incidence of nosocomial infections was 10.85 percent. The most common type of infections were pneumonia 77.3%, UTI 18.3%, surgical site infection 2.7% and blood infection 1.3%, respectively. The most common microorganisms in pulmonary infections were Acinetobacter SPP, in UTI E.coli, in surgical site Staphylococcus aurous and Klebsiella and blood infection Enterococci, respectively. Incidence of pneumonia significantly is more than of other [p<0.01]. Also the correlation of ICU stay time and incidence of nosocomial infection is significant [p<0.001] .But the effect of age, gender and invasive procedures were not significant. To according of results of investigation, increasing of ICU stay time have direct relation with risk of infections. Infection control practices and sanitary methods are rational and essential part in the ICU. We suggest to use of invasive procedures limited to necessary times and use of aseptic method in treatment process

Intraoperative imprint cytological diagnosis of heterotopic thyroid presenting as sellar mass

A 43-year-old woman presented with headache, nausea, severe visual impairment and galactorrhea and decreased visual acuity. A 4 x 3.5 x 3 cm mass completely filling the sphenoid sinus, elevating the pituitary gland and stalk was observed. The patient underwent transsphenoidal removal of the lesion to alleviate visual loss. The tumor cells showed strong positivity for thyroglobulin and TTF-1. This patient was followed up for 2 years after the operation; the laboratory study and computed tomography showed no lesions. In conclusion, this is a rare benign finding in which complete surgical resection achieves a cure

Goiter and urinary Iodine excretion survey of 8-10 years old school children in Tehran province, 17 years after universal salt iodisation [2007]

Following two decades of intensive efforts work in IDD elimination, Iran has been recognized as an IDD free country in the Middle-East region. This study was performed to evaluate the adequacy of iodine intake, 17 years after universal salt iodization in Tehran and to compare the results with those of previous studies. In this cross-sectional study, 8 to l0 year-old schoolchildren, randomly selected from Tehran province, were evaluated in year 2007, using data gathered on goiter prevalence, urinary iodine excretion, iodine content of household salts and thyroid volume measured by ultrasonography; the results obtained were compared with those documented for 1996 and 2001. In this study, 1200 children were evaluated. Total prevalence of goiter was 2.3%; no one had grade 2 goiter. The median urinary iodine in 120 schoolchildren was 94.1 microg/L. Only 54.9% of Tehranian households were using iodized salt and salt storage was appropriate in 47.9% of households; salt used by 62.5% of households had less than 15 microg iodide. Ultrasonic measurement of thyroid volume was performed in 464 schoolchildren, aged 7-15 years, and while the median thyroid volume of girls aged 7-11 years was slightly more than that of boys, the 97[th] percentile thyroid volume of both sexes was similar for all age groups. Thyroid volumes were significantly correlated with age, weight, height and body surface area. Goiter prevalence has decreased significantly in Tehran, the central province of Iran, 17 years after universal salt iodization. However the median urinary iodine of school children has decreased in comparison to results of studies conducted in 1996 and 2001. Continuous monitoring of national programs is essential for IDD elimination

relationship between blood group type and visceral leishmaniasis in Iran

Visceral leishmaniasis [VL] or Kala-azar is still a common parasitic infection among children in Iran. This study was performed to investigate the relationship between blood group type and VL among Iranian patients. were enrolled. The bone marrow materials of 249 children who were clinically suspected for VL were provided from the posterior iliac spine by Jamshidi`s needle. LD bodies were identified in all cases and diagnosed as VL. The distribution of blood group type of all infected patients was compared with that of a control group of normal donors [2490]. There were 198 males and 51 females among VL patients. In both the VL and control groups, the maximum percentage was found in blood group O and minimum in blood group AB. Our results showed that the blood group was not a risk factor in the occurrence of VL. The ABO-Rh blood groups were not associated with the occurrence of VL in Iranian patients

[ effect of long-term oral administration of Nigella. sativum on the contractile reactivity of thoracic aorta in diabetic rats]

Therapeutics, especially medical plants with minimum side-effects are of high value in preventing vascular complications of diabetes mellitus in long term. Considering the evidences about the anti-diabetic effects of Nigella. Sativum [NS], the current study was conducted to evaluate the effect of oral two-month administration of NS on the contractile reactivity of isolated aorta in male diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats [n=32] were randomly divided into control, NS-treated control, diabetic, and NS-treated diabetic groups. For induction of diabetes, streptozotcin [STZ] was intraperitoneally administered. The treatment groups were received oral administration of NS-mixed pelleted food [6.25%] for two months. After two months, the contractile reactivity of aortic rings to KCl and noreadrenaline was determined using isolated tissue setup. Contractile response to cumulative KCl and noreadrenaline followed a dose-dependent pattern in aortic rings in all groups. In addition, the maximum contractile reactivity was significantly higher in the diabetic group compared to the control one [p<0.001]. Meanwhile, this response was lower in NS-treated diabetic group in comparison with untreated diabetic group [p<0.05]. Long-term oral administration of Nigella. sativum attenuated the enhanced vascular responsiveness in diabetes mellitus and some developed cardiovascular complications due to diabetes